1. What is a Gerund?
A gerund is the -ing form of a verb that functions as a noun in a sentence.
Example:
Swimming is my hobby. (Here swimming is the subject of the sentence, not an action.)
So, unlike a present participle (I am swimming), a gerund acts like a noun.
2. Types of Gerunds
Gerunds can function in different roles in a sentence:
1.Subject Gerund – when the gerund is the subject of the sentence.
2.Object Gerund – when the gerund is the object of a verb.
3.Object of Preposition – when the gerund follows a preposition.
Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative) – when the gerund renames or defines the subject.
Possessive with Gerund – when the subject of the gerund is shown in possessive form.
१. Gerund म्हणजे काय?
gerund हे क्रियापदाचे -ing रूप आहे जे वाक्यात नाम म्हणून काम करते.
उदाहरण:
१. Gerund म्हणजे काय?
gerund हे क्रियापदाचे -ing रूप आहे जे वाक्यात नाम म्हणून काम करते.
उदाहरण:
१. Gerund म्हणजे काय?
gerund हे क्रियापदाचे -ing रूप आहे जे वाक्यात नाम म्हणून काम करते.
उदाहरण:
Swimming is my hobby. (येथे Swimming हा वाक्याचा कर्ता आहे, कृती नाही.)
gerund हे नामासारखे काम करते.
२. Gerund चे प्रकार
Gerund वाक्यात वेगवेगळ्या भूमिकांमध्ये काम करू शकतात:
१.Subject Gerund – जेव्हा gerund वाक्याचा कर्ता असतो.
२.Object Gerund – जेव्हा gerund क्रियापदाचा ऑब्जेक्ट असतो.
३.Object of Preposition – जेव्हा gerund एखाद्या preposition चे अनुसरण करते.
Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative) – जेव्हा gerund विषयाचे नाव बदलते किंवा परिभाषित करते.
Gerund सह Possessive – जेव्हा gerund चा कर्ता possessive स्वरूपात दाखवला जातो.(येथे पोहणे हा वाक्याचा कर्ता आहे, कृती नाही.)
म्हणून, प्रेझेंट पार्टिसिपल (मी पोहत आहे) विपरीत, gerund हे नामासारखे काम करते.
२. Gerund चे प्रकार
Gerund वाक्यात वेगवेगळ्या भूमिकांमध्ये काम करू शकतात:
१.Subject Gerund – जेव्हा gerund वाक्याचा कर्ता असतो.
२.Object Gerund – जेव्हा gerund क्रियापदाचा ऑब्जेक्ट असतो.
३.Object of Preposition – जेव्हा gerund एखाद्या preposition चे अनुसरण करते.
Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative) – जेव्हा gerund विषयाचे नाव बदलते किंवा परिभाषित करते.
Gerund सह Possessive – जेव्हा gerund चा कर्ता possessive स्वरूपात दाखवला जातो. (येथे पोहणे हा वाक्याचा कर्ता आहे, कृती नाही.)
२. Gerund चे प्रकार
Gerund वाक्यात वेगवेगळ्या भूमिकांमध्ये काम करू शकतात:
१.Subject Gerund – जेव्हा gerund वाक्याचा कर्ता असतो.
२.Object Gerund – जेव्हा gerund क्रियापदाचा ऑब्जेक्ट असतो.
३.Object of Preposition – जेव्हा gerund एखाद्या preposition चे अनुसरण करते.
Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative) – जेव्हा gerund विषयाचे नाव बदलते किंवा परिभाषित करते.
Gerund सह Possessive – जेव्हा gerund चा कर्ता possessive स्वरूपात दाखवला जातो.
3. Examples of Each Type (20 each)
(A) Gerund as Subject (20 examples)
Swimming is good exercise.
Reading improves knowledge.
Writing helps express thoughts.
Dancing keeps me active.
Playing cricket is my passion.
Singing relaxes the mind.
Teaching requires patience.
Travelling broadens the mind.
Jogging reduces stress.
Learning never ends.
Gardening refreshes the soul.
Watching movies entertains people.
Driving carefully saves lives.
Cooking is an art.
Listening helps understanding.
Shopping makes her happy.
Painting inspires creativity.
Walking improves health.
Cleaning keeps the house neat.
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
(B) Gerund as Object of a Verb (20 examples)
I enjoy reading books.
She loves dancing.
They finished playing the match.
We like swimming in the sea.
He avoided talking to strangers.
She admitted stealing the purse.
I suggested going for a walk.
He denied cheating in the exam.
We discussed starting a new project.
She missed meeting her friends.
He considered leaving the job.
I dislike waiting for long.
They practiced singing together.
He stopped smoking.
She can’t stand lying.
We recommended visiting the museum.
He delayed replying to the email.
She enjoys cooking for her family.
He risked losing everything.
They preferred staying at home.
(C) Gerund as Object of Preposition (20 examples)
She is interested in learning French.
He is fond of playing football.
They succeeded in solving the puzzle.
She is afraid of swimming alone.
He insisted on going there.
I am tired of working all day.
She is good at dancing.
He is keen on improving his skills.
They talked about starting a business.
She is busy preparing for exams.
He is capable of leading the team.
They are worried about losing money.
She apologized for coming late.
He is addicted to smoking.
We look forward to meeting you.
She blamed him for breaking the vase.
He is responsible for managing the project.
They congratulated her on winning the race.
She is excited about going abroad.
He is devoted to teaching.
(D) Gerund as Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative) (20 examples)
My hobby is reading.
His passion is singing.
Her duty is helping the poor.
His favorite activity is playing cricket.
The best exercise is swimming.
Their main problem is smoking.
The fun of childhood is playing.
His dream job is teaching.
The solution is working together.
Their only option was running away.
The best part of the day is watching the sunset.
His mistake was trusting strangers.
The biggest challenge is learning English.
My weakness is procrastinating.
The real joy is helping others.
The hardest task is studying at night.
His talent is acting.
The most important thing is working hard.
Her strength is motivating people.
The first step is trying.
(E) Possessive with Gerund (20 examples)
I appreciate your helping me.
She didn’t like his coming late.
They approved of her joining the team.
We were happy about his winning the prize.
The teacher praised their working hard.
She complained about his being rude.
I don’t mind your staying here.
They were surprised at his leaving early.
Her success depended on my supporting her.
I disliked his interrupting me.
She enjoyed my singing.
We regretted their not attending the function.
His excuse was my not helping him.
She thanked me for my assisting her.
He was proud of his daughter’s achieving the goal.
I insisted on their joining us.
She objected to his smoking.
We welcomed your coming.
They remembered his helping them.
She was angry about his refusing the offer.