Here are a few types of poems with short definitions and examples:
Here are some common types of poems, with short definitions and simple examples:
लहान व्याख्या आणि उदाहरणांसह कवितांचे काही प्रकार येथे आहेत:
लहान व्याख्या आणि सोप्या उदाहरणांसह येथे काही सामान्य प्रकारच्या कविता आहेत:
1. Haiku-
A Japanese form with three lines. The first and last lines have 5 syllables, and the middle line has 7 syllables.
– Example:
*An old silent pond,*
*A frog jumps into the pond—*
*Splash! Silence again.*
2. Limerick – वात्रटिका
A humorous five-line poem with a rhyme scheme of AABBA.
– Example:
*There once was a cat from the street,*
*Who found fish were a wonderful treat,*
*It caught them with flair,*
*And ate them with care,*
*And now it’s too lazy to meet.*
3. Sonnet – सुनित:
A 14-line poem, typically written in iambic pentameter, often with a rhyme scheme of ABAB CDCD EFEF GG (Shakespearean).
– Example (opening lines from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18):
*Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?*
*Thou art more lovely and more temperate.*
4. Acrostic -: संदेश कोडे
A poem where the first letters of each line spell out a word or message.
– Example: (for the word “LOVE”)
*Lovely sunsets in the sky,*
*Over hills where breezes fly,*
*Vivid colors bloom and glow,*
*Everywhere that you may go.*
5. Free Verse – मुक्त श्लोक :
Poetry without a regular rhyme or rhythm.
– Example:
*The wind whispers,*
*Trees sway in harmony,*
*A dance without music.*
6. Cinquain –
A five-line poem with specific syllable or word patterns.
– Example (Syllable pattern: 2, 4, 6, 8, 2):
*Stars*
*Twinkling bright*
*In the quiet night*
*Like a soft whisper of the past*
*Glow.*
7. Epic – महा काव्य
A long narrative poem that tells the story of heroic deeds.
– Example (from “The Odyssey” by Homer):
*Sing in me, Muse, and through me tell the story*
*Of that man skilled in all ways of contending.*
These are just a few types, but they cover a wide range of poetic styles!
8. Ballad –
A narrative poem often set to music, usually with a rhyme scheme of ABAB or ABCB and tells a story.
– Example:
*The wind was a torrent of darkness,*
*Among the gusty trees,*
*The moon was a ghostly galleon*
*Tossed upon cloudy seas.*
9. Villanelle –
A 19-line poem with two repeating rhymes and two refrains, typically organized into five tercets followed by a quatrain.
– Example (from Dylan Thomas’ *Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night*):
*Do not go gentle into that good night,*
*Old age should burn and rave at close of day;*
*Rage, rage against the dying of the light.*
10. Ode-
A formal, often ceremonious (औपचारिक) lyric poem that addresses and praises a person, place, thing, or idea.
– Example:
*Ode to a Nightingale* by John Keats:
*Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird!*
*No hungry generations tread thee down.*
11.Elegy- शोकगीत
A reflective poem that laments the loss of someone or something, often expressing sorrow or mourning.
– Example:
*O Captain! My Captain! our fearful trip is done,*
*The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won.*
12. Couplet- जोडी
Two lines of verse that usually rhyme and have the same meter.
– Example:
*The sun is set, the stars arise,*
*The moon begins to light the skies.*
13. Sestina- संयुक्त
A complex form of poetry consisting of six 6-line stanzas followed by a 3-line stanza. The end words of the first stanza are repeated in a specific pattern throughout the poem.
– Example (simplified):
*The wind blew strong all through the night,*
*The trees bent low, and so did I.*
*The stars, they shone but dimly then,*
*And waves crashed loud against the shore.*
14. Tanka –
A Japanese poem similar to a haiku, but with five lines and a syllable pattern of 5-7-5-7-7.
– Example:
*A gentle breeze blows,*
*Soft whispers among the trees,*
*Clouds drift in the sky,*
*Sunset