In this chapter we are going to study how the past forms of verbs are formed. These past tense forms are obtained by slightly changing the original form of the verb. The base form of some verbs does not change at all when it is used in the past tense.
So let’s see a little information about it and some examples.
या सदरामध्ये आपण क्रियापदाची भूतकाळातली रूपे कशी तयार होतात ते अभ्यासणार आहोत. क्रियापदाच्या मूळ रूपामध्ये थोडाफार बदल करून ही भूतकाळातली रूपे मिळवली जातात. काही क्रियापदांचे मूळ रूप त्याचा वापर भूतकाळात करताना अजिबात बदलत नाही.
चला तर मग पाहूया त्याविषयी थोडीशी माहिती व काही उदाहरणे.
1.There are some verbs in English that are made past tense by adding the letters ed or d to the end of the verb.
The past tense forms obtained in this way are considered regular form forms.
इंग्रजीमध्ये अशी काही क्रियापदे आहेत की त्या क्रियापदांच्या पुढे ed किंवा d ही अक्षरे जोडून त्याची भूतकाळातले रूप मिळवली जाते.
अशा प्रकारे मिळालेल्या भूतकाळातील रूपांना regular form पद्धतीची रूपे मानतात.
उदाहरणार्थ —
1.Dress – dressed
2.walk – walked
3.grasp – grasped
4.laugh – laughed
5.start – started
6.jump – jumped
7.pick – picked
8.look – looked
9.want- wanted
10.pass – passed
11.gather – gathered
12.scatter – scattered
13.tax – taxed
14.ask- asked
15.absorb – obserbed
16.add – added
17.cause – caused
18.treat – treated
19.work – worked
20.box – boxed
2. Some verbs are such that their past form is different from the original form. There is a change in its spelling and a slight change in pronunciation.
Such past forms are called irregular forms.
काही क्रियापदे अशी आहेत की त्यांचे भूतकाळातले रूप मूळ रूपापेक्षा वेगळे असते. त्याचे स्पेलिंग मध्ये बदल होतो व उच्चारात ही थोडाफार बदल होतो. अशा भूतकाळातील रूपांना irregular form पद्धतीची रूपे म्हणतात.
उदाहरणार्थ —
1.run – ran
2.begin – began
3.sing – sang
4.meet – met
5.take – took
6.say – said
7.reply – replied
8.try – tried
9.come – came
10.see – saw
11.get – got
12.bring – brought
13.fight – fought
14.give – gave
15.eat – ate
16.go – went
17.ring – rang
18.tell – told
19.shine – shone
20.lie – lay
21.carry – carried
22.forget – forgot
23.break – broke
24.choose – chose
25.fall – fell
26.speak – spoke
27.bite – bit
28.do – did
29.ride – rode
30.drink – drank
31.blow – blew
3.The original forms of some verbs are used as in the past tense.
- काही क्रियापदांची मूळ रूपे जशीच्या तशी भूतकाळात वापरली जातात.
उदाहरणार्थ–
Cost
Cast
hit
hurt
Shut
upset
cut
put
quit
fit
hurt
bit
Beat
broadcast
forecast
let
read
miscast
set
recast
shed
split
spread
sublet