tense

“Mastering Active and Passive Voice: A Comprehensive Guide”

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active-and-passive-voice‎

         In English grammar, “voice” refers to the relationship between the subject of a sentence and the action it describes. There are two types of voice:

1. Active Voice: The subject performs the action.
– Example: *John* (subject) *wrote* (verb) *the letter* (object).

2. Passive Voice: The subject receives the action.
– Example: *The letter* (subject) *was written* (verb) *by John* (agent).

Tense Examples in Active and Passive Voice:

 1. Present Simple
– **Active**: The chef *cooks* the meal.
– **Passive**: The meal *is cooked* by the chef.

 2. Past Simple
– **Active**: She *baked* a cake.
– **Passive**: A cake *was baked* by her.

 3. **Future Simple**
– **Active**: He *will clean* the room.
– **Passive**: The room *will be cleaned* by him.

 4. **Present Continuous**
– **Active**: They *are building* a house.
– **Passive**: A house *is being built* by them.

 5. **Past Continuous**
– **Active**: She *was painting* the wall.
– **Passive**: The wall *was being painted* by her.

 6. **Future Continuous** (rarely used in passive)
– **Active**: He *will be driving* the car.
– **Passive**: The car *will be being driven* by him. (rare and awkward)

 7. **Present Perfect**
– **Active**: They *have finished* the report.
– **Passive**: The report *has been finished* by them.

 8. **Past Perfect**
– **Active**: She *had completed* the task.
– **Passive**: The task *had been completed* by her.

 9. **Future Perfect**
– **Active**: He *will have solved* the problem.
– **Passive**: The problem *will have been solved* by him.

 10. **Present Perfect Continuous** (rare in passive)                                                                                  – **Active**: They *have been discussing* the issue.
– **Passive**: The issue *has been being discussed* by them. (rarely used)

Most commonly, the passive voice is used with action verbs and when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer.
Here are **5 additional examples** for each tense in **active** and **passive** voice to expand on the earlier examples.

 1. **Present Simple**

– **Active**:
1. The teacher *explains* the lesson.
2. She *reads* the newspaper every day.
3. The manager *approves* the reports.
4. He *plays* the guitar well.
5. They *sell* fresh vegetables in the market.

– **Passive**:
1. The lesson *is explained* by the teacher.
2. The newspaper *is read* by her every day.
3. The reports *are approved* by the manager.
4. The guitar *is played* well by him.
5. Fresh vegetables *are sold* in the market by them.

—

 2. **Past Simple**

– **Active**:
1. The scientist *discovered* a new planet.
2. She *wrote* a novel.
3. They *painted* the house last summer.
4. He *watched* the movie yesterday.
5. The company *launched* a new product.

– **Passive**:
1. A new planet *was discovered* by the scientist.
2. A novel *was written* by her.
3. The house *was painted* by them last summer.
4. The movie *was watched* by him yesterday.
5. A new product *was launched* by the company.

 3. **Future Simple**

– **Active**:
1. The artist *will create* a masterpiece.
2. They *will organise* the event next week.
3. She *will prepare* dinner tonight.
4. He *will fix* the computer tomorrow.
5. The team *will win* the match.

– **Passive**:
1. A masterpiece *will be created* by the artist.
2. The event *will be organised* by them next week.
3. Dinner *will be prepared* by her tonight.
4. The computer *will be fixed* by him tomorrow.
5. The match *will be won* by the team.

4. **Present Continuous**

– **Active**:
1. The mechanic *is repairing* the car.
2. She *is cleaning* the windows.
3. They *are organising* a party.
4. He *is teaching* the students.
5. The company *is hiring* new employees.

– **Passive**:
1. The car *is being repaired* by the mechanic.
2. The windows *are being cleaned* by her.
3. A party *is being organised* by them.
4. The students *are being taught* by him.
5. New employees *are being hired* by the company.

 5. **Past Continuous**

– **Active**:
1. The writer *was drafting* a novel.
2. They *were discussing* the problem.
3. She *was organising* the documents.
4. He *was playing* the piano.
5. The chef *was preparing* the meal.

– **Passive**:
1. A novel *was being drafted* by the writer.
2. The problem *was being discussed* by them.
3. The documents *were being organised* by her.
4. The piano *was being played* by him.
5. The meal *was being prepared* by the chef.

 6. **Future Continuous** (rarely used in passive)

– **Active**:
1. They *will be celebrating* their anniversary.
2. She *will be giving* a speech at the event.
3. He *will be travelling* to Europe next month.
4. The teacher *will be marking* the exams.
5. The company *will be negotiating* a new contract.

– **Passive** (rare):
1. Their anniversary *will be being celebrated* by them.
2. A speech *will be being given* by her at the event.
3. Europe *will be being travelled* to by him next month.
4. The exams *will be being marked* by the teacher.
5. A new contract *will be being negotiated* by the company.

7. **Present Perfect**

– **Active**:
1. The engineer *has designed* a new system.
2. They *have solved* the puzzle.
3. She *has published* three books.
4. He *has built* a new website.
5. The chef *has cooked* a delicious meal.

– **Passive**:
1. A new system *has been designed* by the engineer.
2. The puzzle *has been solved* by them.
3. Three books *have been published* by her.
4. A new website *has been built* by him.
5. A delicious meal *has been cooked* by the chef.

8. **Past Perfect**

– **Active**:
1. The team *had completed* the project.
2. She *had written* the report before the meeting.
3. They *had finished* the renovation.
4. He *had taken* the test by noon.
5. The manager *had approved* the budget.

– **Passive**:
1. The project *had been completed* by the team.
2. The report *had been written* by her before the meeting.
3. The renovation *had been finished* by them.
4. The test *had been taken* by him by noon.
5. The budget *had been approved* by the manager.

9. **Future Perfect**

– **Active**:
1. The architect *will have designed* the building by next year.
2. She *will have written* the article by tomorrow.
3. They *will have completed* the project by the deadline.
4. He *will have solved* the issue by evening.
5. The company *will have launched* the product by summer.

– **Passive**:
1. The building *will have been designed* by the architect by next year.
2. The article *will have been written* by her by tomorrow.
3. The project *will have been completed* by them by the deadline.
4. The issue *will have been solved* by him by evening.
5. The product *will have been launched* by the company by summer.

10. **Present Perfect Continuous** (rare in passive)

– **Active**:
1. They *have been developing* a new app.
2. She *has been researching* for the project.
3. He *has been fixing* the car.
4. The students *have been studying* for hours.
5. The company *has been upgrading* the system.

– **Passive** (rare):
1. A new app *has been being developed* by them.
2. The project *has been being researched* by her.
3. The car *has been being fixed* by him.
4. Hours of study *have been being done* by the students.
5. The system *has been being upgraded* by the company. (rarely used)

11.**Future Perfect Continuous Tense**

The **Future Perfect Continuous** tense is used to describe actions that will have been happening for a period of time at a point in the future. The passive form is rarely used and is quite awkward.

**Active Voice Examples:**
1. By next year, he *will have been working* at the company for five years.
2. By 5 p.m., we *will have been driving* for ten hours straight.
3. She *will have been studying* for the exam for three weeks by the time it takes place.
4. They *will have been living* in this city for a decade by 2025.
5. By next summer, the team *will have been training* for the championship for six months.

**Passive Voice Examples (rare and awkward):**
1. By next year, the project *will have been being worked on* for five years.
2. By 5 p.m., the road *will have been being driven* on for ten hours straight.
3. By the time of the exam, the materials *will have been being studied* for three weeks.
4. By 2025, this house *will have been being lived in* for a decade.
5. By next summer, the championship *will have been being trained for* for six months.

12.**Past Perfect Continuous Tense**

The **Past Perfect Continuous** tense is used to describe actions that were ongoing in the past up to a certain point.

**Active Voice Examples:**
1. He *had been working* at the company for five years before he resigned.
2. They *had been waiting* for the bus for over an hour when it finally arrived.
3. She *had been studying* for the exam for weeks before it was cancelled.
4. We *had been living* in that city for ten years before we moved.
5. By the time the teacher arrived, the students *had been discussing* the topic for an hour.

**Passive Voice Examples (rare):**
1. The project *had been being worked on* for five years before it was completed.
2. The bus *had been being waited for* for over an hour before it finally arrived.
3. The exam *had been being studied for* for weeks before it was cancelled.
4. The house *had been being lived in* for ten years before it was sold.
5. The topic *had been being discussed* for an hour by the students before the teacher arrived.

     The passive forms of **Future Perfect Continuous** and **Past Perfect Continuous** are rarely used and can sound awkward, so they are less common in both writing and speech. The active forms are much more commonly used to express ongoing actions over a period of time.

Using Articles: Rules and Examples

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Using Articles: Rules and Examples

Using Articles: Rules and Examples

Using Articles: Rules and Examples

In English, articles are used to define a noun as specific or unspecific. There are two types of articles: **definite** and **indefinite**.

—

1. Indefinite Articles (“a” and “an”)
Used to refer to a non-specific or general noun.

#### **”A”**: Used before a consonant sound.
– Example: *A dog* is barking outside.
– Explanation: The word “dog” starts with a consonant sound.

#### **”An”**: Used before a vowel sound.
– Example: *An apple* a day keeps the doctor away.
– Explanation: The word “apple” starts with a vowel sound (a).

Rule:

Use “a” before words that begin with a consonant sound and “an” before words that begin with a vowel sound, regardless of spelling.

—

2. Definite Article (“the”)
Used to refer to a specific noun that is known to the speaker and the listener.

– Example: *The dog* that lives next door is barking.
– Explanation: Both the speaker and listener know which dog is being referred to.

**Specific Use of “The”**:

1. When there is only **one** of something (unique nouns):
– Example: *The sun* rises in the east.
2. When the noun has been previously mentioned:
– Example: I saw *a movie* yesterday. *The movie* was great.
3. When talking about a specific place, person, or thing:
– Example: Let’s go to *the park*.

**Rule**: Use “the” when referring to a particular item known to both the speaker and listener.

—

3. **Omission of Articles**
In some cases, no article is used before a noun.

#### **When No Article is Used**:
1. **Plural and uncountable nouns** in general statements:
– Example: Cats are independent animals. (Not *The cats*)
– Example: Water is essential for life. (Not *The water*)
2. **Abstract nouns** (things that aren’t physical objects):
– Example: Honesty is important in relationships.
3. **Proper nouns** (names of people, places, or specific things):
– Example: *John* is coming over tonight. (Not *The John*)

—

### Additional Guidelines:

1. **With occupations**:
– Use “a” or “an”: She is *a doctor*. He is *an engineer*.

2. **Before superlatives**:
– Always use “the”: *The tallest* building, *the best* day.

3. **With countries**:
– No article: I live in *France*.
– Use “the” with names of countries that are plural or have “of” in the name: *The United States*, *The Republic of Congo*.

—

# Summary of Key Rules:
– Use **”a”** before consonant sounds, **”an”** before vowel sounds.
– Use **”the”** when referring to something specific or unique.
– **No article** is used for general, plural, or uncountable nouns.

Let me know if you need more examples or specific clarifications!
Here are **20 examples** for each type of article:

1. Indefinite Articles (“a” and “an”)

 With “a”:

1. A car passed by my house.
2. She adopted a kitten from the shelter.
3. He bought a book from the bookstore.
4. They saw a bird in the tree.
5. We need a new chair for the living room.
6. A stranger knocked on the door.
7. I would like to eat a sandwich.
8. She is wearing a red dress.
9. A man asked for directions.
10. He works as a doctor in a hospital.
11. We watched a movie last night.
12. A child was playing in the park.
13. A snake slithered through the grass.
14. I saw a plane flying overhead.
15. He gave me a gift for my birthday.
16. She is learning to play a guitar.
17. They took a train to the city.
18. A storm is approaching.
19. He’s going to give a speech at the event.
20. I need a pen to sign this document.

With “an”:

1. An elephant walked through the jungle.
2. She had an idea for the project.
3. He ate an apple for breakfast.
4. I saw an eagle flying in the sky.
5. An actor is coming to the show.
6. She received an award for her performance.
7. An engineer fixed the machine.
8. He is reading an interesting article.
9. An orange fell from the tree.
10. She is an artist by profession.
11. An hour has passed since we started.
12. He asked for an extra chair.
13. We need an umbrella for the rain.
14. An owl hooted in the night.
15. They are ex

“Understanding Past Tense and Past Participle Forms of 100 Verbs”

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past-tense-and-past-participle

Here is a list of 100 verbs with their past tense and past participle forms:

past-tense-and-past-participle

• Accept – Accepted – Accepted

• Act – Acted – Acted

• Allow – Allowed – Allowed

• Ask – Asked – Asked

• Begin – Began – Begun

• Believe – Believed – Believed

• Bring – Brought – Brought

• Build – Built – Built

• Buy – Bought – Bought

• Call – Called – Called

• Can – Could – (No participle)

• Carry – Carried – Carried

• Catch – Caught – Caught

• Choose – Chose – Chosen

• Come – Came – Come

• Consider – Considered – Considered

• Continue – Continued – Continued

• Cost – Cost – Cost

• Cut – Cut – Cut

• Decide – Decided – Decided

• Do – Did – Done

• Draw – Drew – Drawn

• Drink – Drank – Drunk

• Drive – Drove – Driven

• Eat – Ate – Eaten

• Feel – Felt – Felt

• Find – Found – Found

• Fly – Flew – Flown

• Forget – Forgot – Forgotten

• Get – Got – Gotten/Got

• Give – Gave – Given

• Go – Went – Gone

• Grow – Grew – Grown

• Have – Had – Had

• Hear – Heard – Heard

• Help – Helped – Helped

• Hold – Held – Held

• Keep – Kept – Kept

• Know – Knew – Known

• Learn – Learned – Learned/Learnt

• Leave – Left – Left

• Let – Let – Let

• Like – Liked – Liked

• Live – Lived – Lived

• Look – Looked – Looked

• Lose – Lost – Lost                                    past-tense-and-past-participle

• Make – Made – Made

• Mean – Meant – Meant

• Meet – Met – Met

• Move – Moved – Moved

• Need – Needed – Needed

• Open – Opened – Opened

• Pay – Paid – Paid

• Play – Played – Played

• Put – Put – Put

• Read – Read – Read

• Run – Ran – Run

• Say – Said – Said

• See – Saw – Seen

• Sell – Sold – Sold

• Send – Sent – Sent

• Set – Set – Set

• Show – Showed – Shown/Showed

• Sit – Sat – Sat

• Sleep – Slept – Slept

• Speak – Spoke – Spoken

• Spend – Spent – Spent

• Stand – Stood – Stood

• Start – Started – Started

• Stay – Stayed – Stayed

• Stop – Stopped – Stopped

• Study – Studied – Studied

• Take – Took – Taken

• Talk – Talked – Talked

• Teach – Taught – Taught

• Tell – Told – Told

• Think – Thought – Thought

• Travel -Travelled-Travelled

• Try – Tried – Tried

• Turn – Turned – Turned

• Understand – Understood – Understood

• Use – Used – Used

• Wait – Waited – Waited

• Walk – Walked – Walked

• Want – Wanted – Wanted

• Watch – Watched – Watched

• Wear – Wore – Worn

• Win – Won – Won

• Work – Worked – Worked

• Write – Wrote – Written

• Borrow – Borrowed – Borrowed

• Clean – Cleaned – Cleaned

• Dance – Danced – Danced

• Drive – Drove – Driven

• Invite – Invited – Invited

• Laugh – Laughed – Laughed

• Love – Loved – Loved

• Promise – Promised – Promised

• Rain – Rained – Rained

• Wish – Wished – Wished

 

How to Use “would like to”

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Use "would like to"

In this lesson, we’ll learn more about how to use “would like to” as an auxiliary verb.

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

This construction is used to show whether or not the person doing the action wants to.

     सदरामध्ये आपण would like to चा वापर सहाय्यक क्रियापद म्हणून कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत.

    त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

    एखादी क्रिया करताना कार्य करणाऱ्या व्यक्तीची इच्छा आहे किंवा नाही हे दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात.

****************************************************************Use "would like to"

होकारार्थी वाक्य

How to Use “would like to” in Affirmative Sentences

Subject + would like to + main verb (v1).

I would like to dance.

I would like to clean.

I would like to compromise.

I would like to sing.

I would like to learn.

We would like to pay.

We would like to suggest.

We would like to accept.

We would like to excuse.

We would like to donate.

You would like to build.

You would like to make.

You would like to maintain.

You would like to protect.

You would like to submit.

He would like to continue.

He would like to enquire.

Vedant would like to play.

She would like to continue.

Janhavi would like to discuss.

She would like to combine.

It would like to jump.

The dog would like to run.

They would like to provide.

They would like to co-operate.

They would like to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant would like to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini would like to teach.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

नकारार्थी वाक्य  

How to Use “would like to” in Negative Sentences

Subject + would not + like to + main verb (v1).

would not=wouldn’t

I wouldn’t like to break.

I wouldn’t like to clean.

I wouldn’t like to compromise.

I wouldn’t like to sing.

I wouldn’t like learn.

We wouldn’t like to pay.

We wouldn’t like to suggest.

We wouldn’t like to accept.

We wouldn’t like to excuse.

We wouldn’t like to donate.

You wouldn’t like to build.

You wouldn’t like to make.

You wouldn’t like to maintain.

You wouldn’t like to protect.

You wouldn’t like to submit.

He wouldn’t like to continue.

He wouldn’t like to enquire.

Vedant wouldn’t like to play.

She wouldn’t like to continue.

Janhavi wouldn’t like to discuss.

She wouldn’t like to combine.

It wouldn’t like to jump.

The dog wouldn’t like to run.

They wouldn’t like to provide.

They wouldn’t like to co-operate.

They wouldn’t like to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant wouldn’t like to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini wouldn’t like to teach.

********************

प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

How to Use “would like to” in Interrogative Sentence (Affirmative)

       Would + subject + like to + v 1?

Would I like to break?

Would I like to clean?

Would I like to compromise?

Would we like to pay?

Would we like to suggest?

Would we like to accept?

Would you like to build?

Would you like to make?

Would you like to maintain?

Would he like to continue?

Would he like to enquire?

Would Vedant like to play?

Would she like to combine?

Would it like to jump?

Would they like to provide?

Would they like to appoint?

Would Janhavi and Vedant like to dance?

____________________________

How to Use “would like to” in Interrogative Sentence (Negative)

Would + not + subject +  like to +  v 1?

Wouldn’t I like to sing?

Wouldn’t I like to learn?

Wouldn’t we like to excuse?

Wouldn’t we like to donate?

Wouldn’t you like to protect?

Wouldn’t you like to submit?

Wouldn’t she like to continue?

Wouldn’t Janhavi like to discuss?

Wouldn’t the dog like to run?

Wouldn’t they like to co-operate?

Wouldn’t Prashant and Ashwini like to teach?

How to Use “will have to” as an Auxiliary Verb

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In this lesson we will learn how to use “will have to” as an auxiliary verb with the verb base (V1) to tell future actions.

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

The verb uses this construction to indicate whether or not an action is to be done in the future. In such a structure, the auxiliary verb will is used.

या सदरामध्ये आपण will have to चा वापर क्रियापद म्हणून क्रियापदाच्या मुळ रुपासोबत ( V1) भविष्यकाळातील क्रिया सांगण्यासाठी कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत.

 त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

 क्रिया करणाऱ्यास एखादी क्रिया भविष्य काळात करावी लागणार आहे किंवा नाही हे दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात. अश्या रचनेत will या साह्यकारी क्रियापदाचा वापर होतो.

_______________________How to Use "will have to" as an Auxiliary Verb in

होकारार्थी वाक्य

How to Use “will have to” as an Auxiliary Verb in Affirmative Sentences

Subject + will + have to + v1.

I will have to break.

I will have to clean.

I will have to compromise.

I will have to sing.

I will have to learn.

We will have to pay.

We will have to suggest.

We will have to accept.

We will have to excuse.

We will have to donate.

You will have to build.

You will have to make.

You will have to maintain.

You will have to protect.

You will have to submit.

They will have to provide.

They will have to co-operate.

They will have to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant will have to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini will have to teach.

He will have to continue.

He will have to enquire.

Vedant will have to play.

She will have to continue.

Janhavi will have to discuss.

She will have to combine.

It will have to jump.

The dog will have to run.

__________________________________

नकारार्थी वाक्य  

How to Use “will have to” as an Auxiliary Verb in Negative Sentences

नकारार्थी वाक्यांमध्ये will + not हे साह्यकारी क्रियापद  वापरावे.

Subject + will + not + have to + v1.

will + not = won’t

I won’t have to break.

I won’t have to clean.

I won’t have to compromise.

I won’t have to sing.

I won’t have to learn.

We won’t have to pay.

We won’t have to suggest.

We won’t have to accept.

We won’t have to excuse.

We won’t have to donate.

You won’t have to build.

You won’t have to make.

You won’t have to maintain.

You won’t have to protect.

You won’t have to submit.

They won’t have to provide.

They won’t have to co-operate.

They won’t have to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant won’t have to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini won’t have to teach.

He won’t have to continue.

He won’t have to enquire.

Vedant won’t have to play.

She won’t have to continue.

Janhavi won’t have to discuss.

She won’t have to combine.

It won’t have to jump.

The dog won’t have to run.

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प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

How to Use “will have to” as an Auxiliary Verb in Interrogative Sentences 

 Will + subject + have to + v 1?

Will I have to break?

Will I have to clean?

Will I have to compromise?

Will I have to not learn?

Will we have to pay?

Will we have to suggest?

Will we have to accept?

Will we have to donate?

Will you have to build?

Will you have to make?

Will you have to maintain?

Will they have to provide?

Will they have to appoint?

Will Janhavi and Vedant have to dance?

Will he have to continue?

Will he have to enquire?

Will Vedant have to play?

Will she have to combine?

Will it have to jump?

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How to Use “will have to” as an Auxiliary Verb in Negative Interrogative Sentences 

Won’t + s + have to + v1?

Won’t I have to not sing?

Won’t we have to excuse?

Won’t you have to protect?

Won’t you have to submit?

Won’t they have to co-operate?

Won’t Prashant and Ashwini have to teach?

Won’t she have to continue?

Won’t Janhavi have to discuss?

Won’t the dog have to run?

===============================

On this blog, we are trying to provide innovative and practical information based on familiar things so that we can further improve the basic knowledge of the English language that we are familiar with.

Also we must remember that English is not knowledge but it is a language, a medium to express knowledge.

 या ब्लॉगवर आपल्याला परिचित असणाऱ्या इंग्लिश भाषेच्या पायाभूत माहिती मध्ये आणखी सुधारणा करता यावी म्हणून परिचित गोष्टींवर आधारित नावीन्यपूर्ण व सरावास सुलभ अशी माहिती देण्याचा प्रयत्न करत आहोत.

     तसेच आपण हेही लक्षात ठेवले पाहिजे की इंग्रजी म्हणजे ज्ञान नव्हे तर ती एक भाषा आहे, ज्ञान प्रकट करण्याचे एक माध्यम आहे.

How to Use “had to” as an Auxiliary Verb

by

In this lesson we will learn how to use had to as an Auxiliary Verb with the verb root (V1).

In negative and interrogative sentences, use the auxiliary verb did and have to instead of had to.

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

The verb uses this construction to show whether or not an action had to be done in the past.

या सदरामध्ये आपण had to चा वापर क्रियापद म्हणून  क्रियापदाच्या मुळ रुपासोबत ( V1) कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत.

नकारार्थी व प्रश्नार्थक वाक्यांमध्ये did हे साह्यकारी क्रियापद व had to ऐवजी have to हे रूप वापरावे.

त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

क्रिया करणाऱ्यास एखादी क्रिया भूतकाळात करावीच लागत होती किंवा नव्हती हे दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात.

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होकारार्थी वाक्य

How to Use “had to” as a Auxiliary Verb in Affirmative Sentences

Subject + had to + v1.

I had to break.

I had to clean.

I had to compromise.

I had to sing.

I had to learn.

We had to pay.

We had to suggest.

We had to accept.

We had to excuse.

We had to donate.

You have to build.

You have to make.

You had to maintain.

You had to protect.

You had to submit.

They had to provide.

They had to co-operate.

They had to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant had to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini had to teach.

He had to continue.

He had to enquire.

Vedant had to play.

She had to continue.

Janhavi had to discuss.

She had to combine.

It had to jump.

The dog had to run.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

नकारार्थी वाक्य  

How to Use “had to” as a Auxiliary Verb in Negative Sentences

नकारार्थी वाक्यांमध्ये did + not हे साह्यकारी क्रियापद व had to ऐवजी have to हे रूप वापरावे.

Subject + did + not + have to + v1.

did + not = didn’t

I didn’t have to break.

I didn’t have to clean.

I didn’t have to compromise.

I didn’t have to sing.

I didn’t have to learn.

We didn’t have to pay.

We didn’t have to suggest.

We didn’t have to accept.

We didn’t have to excuse.

We didn’t have to donate.

You didn’t have to build.

You didn’t have to make.

You didn’t have to maintain.

You didn’t have to protect.

You didn’t have to submit.

They didn’t have to provide.

They didn’t have to co-operate.

They didn’t have to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant didn’t have to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini didn’t have to teach.

He didn’t have to continue.

He didn’t have to enquire.

Vedant didn’t have to play.

She didn’t have to continue.

Janhavi didn’t have to discuss.

She didn’t have to combine.

It didn’t have to jump.

The dog didn’t have to run.

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प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

How to Use “had to” as a Auxiliary Verb in Interogative Sentences

प्रश्नार्थक वाक्यांमध्ये did  हे साह्यकारी क्रियापद व had to ऐवजी have to हे रूप वापरावे.

Did + subject + have to + v 1?

Didn’t + s + have to + v1?

Did I have to break?

Did I have to clean?

Did I have to compromise?

Didn’t I have to not sing?

Did I have to not learn?

Did we have to pay?

Did we have to suggest?

Did we have to accept?

Didn’t we have to excuse?

Did we have to donate?

Did you have to build?

Did you have to make?

Did you have to maintain?

Didn’t you have to protect?

Didn’t you have to submit?

Did they have to provide?

Didn’t they have to co-operate?

Did they have to appoint?

Did Janhavi and Vedant have to dance?

Didn’t Prashant and Ashwini have to teach?

Did he have to continue?

Did he have to enquire?

Did Vedant have to play?

Didn’t she have to continue?

Didn’t Janhavi have to discuss?

Did she have to combine?

Did it have to jump?

Didn’t the dog have to run?

===============================

We at this blog spot are trying to provide innovative and easy to practice information based on familiar things so that we can further improve the basic knowledge of the English language that we are familiar with.

Also we must remember that English is not knowledge but it is a language, a medium to express knowledge.

आपण या ब्लॉग स्पॉटवर आपल्याला परिचित असणाऱ्या इंग्लिश भाषेच्या पायाभूत माहिती मध्ये आणखी सुधारणा करता यावी म्हणून परिचित गोष्टींवर आधारित नावीन्यपूर्ण व सरावास सुलभ अशी माहिती देण्याचा प्रयत्न करत आहोत.

तसेच आपण हेही लक्षात ठेवले पाहिजे की इंग्रजी म्हणजे ज्ञान नव्हे तर ती एक भाषा आहे, ज्ञान प्रकट करण्याचे एक माध्यम आहे.

 

 

 

The Past Forms of Verbs

by
Past forms of Verbs

In this chapter we are going to study how the past forms of verbs are formed. These past tense forms are obtained by slightly changing the original form of the verb. The base form of some verbs does not change at all when it is used in the past tense.

So let’s see a little information about it and some examples.

या सदरामध्ये आपण क्रियापदाची भूतकाळातली रूपे कशी तयार होतात ते अभ्यासणार आहोत. क्रियापदाच्या मूळ रूपामध्ये थोडाफार बदल करून ही भूतकाळातली रूपे मिळवली जातात. काही क्रियापदांचे मूळ रूप त्याचा वापर भूतकाळात करताना अजिबात बदलत नाही.

चला तर मग पाहूया त्याविषयी थोडीशी माहिती व काही उदाहरणे.

Past forms of Verbs

1.There are some verbs in English that are made past tense by adding the letters ed or d to the end of the verb.

The past tense forms obtained in this way are considered regular form forms.

इंग्रजीमध्ये अशी काही क्रियापदे आहेत की त्या क्रियापदांच्या पुढे ed किंवा d ही अक्षरे जोडून त्याची भूतकाळातले रूप मिळवली जाते.

अशा प्रकारे मिळालेल्या भूतकाळातील रूपांना regular form पद्धतीची रूपे मानतात.

 

उदाहरणार्थ —

1.Dress – dressed

2.walk – walked

3.grasp – grasped

4.laugh – laughed

5.start – started

6.jump – jumped

7.pick – picked

8.look – looked

9.want- wanted

10.pass – passed

11.gather – gathered

12.scatter – scattered

13.tax – taxed

14.ask-  asked

15.absorb – obserbed

16.add – added

17.cause – caused

18.treat – treated

19.work – worked

20.box – boxed

 

2. Some verbs are such that their past form is different from the original form. There is a change in its spelling and a slight change in pronunciation.

Such past forms are called irregular forms.

काही क्रियापदे अशी आहेत की त्यांचे भूतकाळातले रूप मूळ रूपापेक्षा वेगळे असते. त्याचे स्पेलिंग मध्ये बदल होतो व उच्चारात ही थोडाफार बदल होतो. अशा भूतकाळातील रूपांना irregular form पद्धतीची रूपे म्हणतात.

उदाहरणार्थ —

1.run – ran

2.begin – began

3.sing – sang

4.meet – met

5.take – took

6.say – said

7.reply – replied

8.try – tried

9.come – came

10.see – saw

11.get – got

12.bring – brought

13.fight – fought

14.give – gave

15.eat – ate

16.go – went

17.ring – rang

18.tell – told

19.shine – shone

20.lie – lay

21.carry – carried

22.forget – forgot

23.break – broke

24.choose – chose

25.fall – fell

26.speak – spoke

27.bite – bit

28.do – did

29.ride – rode

30.drink – drank

31.blow – blew

 

3.The original forms of some verbs are used as in the past tense.

  1. काही क्रियापदांची मूळ रूपे जशीच्या तशी भूतकाळात वापरली जातात.

उदाहरणार्थ–

Cost

Cast

hit

hurt

Shut

upset

cut

put

quit

fit

hurt

bit

Beat

broadcast

forecast

let

read

miscast

set

recast

shed

split

spread

sublet

How to Use “have to” and “has to” as Auxiliary Verb

by
have to and has to

In this lesson we are going to learn how to use have to and has to as auxiliary verbs with the root form (V1) of the verb.

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

This construction is used to indicate whether the subject is forced or required to do an action.

या सदरामध्ये आपण have to व  has to चा वापर क्रियापद म्हणून  क्रियापदाच्या मुळ रुपासोबत ( V1)  कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत. त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

क्रिया करणाऱ्यास एखादी क्रिया करणे भाग पडत आहे किंवा ती करण्याची गरज आहे किंवा नाही दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात.

********************************have to and has to

होकारार्थी वाक्य

“have to” and “has to” in Affirmative Sentences

Subject +have to + v1.

I have to break.

I have to clean.

I have to compromise.

I have to sing.

I have to learn.

We have to pay.

We have to suggest.

We have to accept.

We have to excuse.

We have to donate.

You have to build.

You have to make.

You have to maintain.

You have to protect.

You have to submit.

They have to provide.

They have to co-operate.

They have to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant have to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini have to teach.

तृतीय पुरुषी एकवचनी कर्ता असल्यास has हे रूप वापरावे 

He has to continue.

He has to enquire.

Vedant has to play.

She has to continue.

Janhavi has to discuss.

She has to combine.

It has to jump.

The dog has to run.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

नकारार्थी वाक्य

“have to” and “has to” in Negative Sentences

Subject + do + not + have to + v1.

do + not = don’t

I don’t have to break.

I don’t have to clean.

I don’t have to compromise.

I don’t have to sing.

I don’t have to learn.

We don’t have to pay.

We don’t have to suggest.

We don’t have to accept.

We don’t have to excuse.

We don’t have to donate.

You don’t have to build.

You don’t have to make.

You don’t have to maintain.

You don’t have to protect.

You don’t have  submit.

They don’t have to provide.

They don’t have to co-operate.

They don’t have to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant don’t have to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini don’t have to teach.

_________________________________________________

तृतीय पुरुषी एकवचनी कर्ता असल्यास doesn’t +have to  हे रूप वापरावे 

He doesn’t have to continue.

He doesn’t have to enquire.

Vedant doesn’t have to play.

She doesn’t have to continue.

Janhavi doesn’t have to discuss.

She doesn’t have to combine.

It doesn’t have to jump.

The dog doesn’t have to run.

********************

प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

“have to” and “has to” in Interrogative Sentences

Do + subject + have to + v 1?

 Don’t + s + have to + v1?

Do I have to break?

Do I have to clean?

Do I have to compromise?

Don’t I have to not sing?

Do I have to not learn?

Do we have to pay?

Do we have to suggest?

Do we have to accept?

Don’t we have to excuse?

Do we have to donate?

Do you have to build?

Do you have to make?

Do you have to maintain?

Don’t you have to protect?

Don’t you have to submit?

Do they have to provide?

Don’t they have to co-operate?

Do they have to appoint?

Do Janhavi and Vedant have to dance?

Don’t Prashant and Ashwini have to teach?

तृतीय पुरुषी एकवचनी कर्ता असल्यास Does / Doesn’t + have to  हे रूप वापरावे 

Does he have to continue?

Does he have to enquire?

Does Vedant have to play?

Doesn’t she have to continue?

Doesn’t Janhavi have to discuss?

Does she have to combine?

Does it have to jump?

Doesn’t the dog have to run?

===============================

We at this blog spot are trying to provide innovative and easy to practice information based on familiar things so that we can further improve the basic knowledge of the English language that we are familiar with.

Also we must remember that English is not knowledge but it is a language, a medium to express knowledge.

आपण या ब्लॉग स्पॉटवर आपल्याला परिचित असणाऱ्या इंग्लिश भाषेच्या पायाभूत माहिती मध्ये आणखी सुधारणा करता यावी म्हणून परिचित गोष्टींवर आधारित नावीन्यपूर्ण व सरावास सुलभ अशी माहिती देण्याचा प्रयत्न करत आहोत.

     तसेच आपण हेही लक्षात ठेवले पाहिजे की इंग्रजी म्हणजे ज्ञान नव्हे तर ती एक भाषा आहे, ज्ञान प्रकट करण्याचे एक माध्यम आहे.

How to Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb with the Verb base (V1) in the Past Tense.

by

In this lesson we will learn how to use going to as a verb with the verb base (V1) in the past tense.

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

This construction is used to indicate whether an action was or was not going to happen in the past.

या सदरामध्ये आपण going to चा वापर क्रियापद म्हणून  क्रियापदाच्या मुळ रुपासोबत ( V1) भूतकाळात कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत.

त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

एखादी क्रिया भूतकाळात घडणार होती  किंवा नव्हती हे दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात.

********************************going to in past tense

होकारार्थी वाक्य

Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb with the Verb base (V1) in the Past Tense in Affirmative Sentences

Subject + was/were + going to + v1.

I was going to break.

I was going to clean.

I was going to compromise.

I was going to sing.

I was going to learn.

We were going to pay.

We were going to suggest.

We were going to accept.

We were going to excuse.

We were going to donate.

You were going to build.

You were going to make.

You were going to maintain.

You were going to protect.

You were going to submit.

He was going to continue.

He was going to enquire.

Vedant was going to play.

She was going to continue.

Janhavi was going to discuss.

She was going to combine.

It was going to jump.

The dog was going to run.

They were going to provide.

They were going to co-operate.

They were going to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant were going to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini were going to teach.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

नकारार्थी वाक्य  

Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb with the Verb base (V1) in the Past Tense in Negative Sentences

Subject + was/were + not + going to + v1.

I was not going to break.

I was not going to clean.

I was not going to compromise.

I was not going to sing.

I was not going to learn.

We were not going to pay.

We were not going to suggest.

We were not going to accept.

We were not going to excuse.

We were not going to donate.

You were not going to build.

You were not going to make.

You were not going to maintain.

You were not going to protect.

You were not going to submit.

He was not going to continue.

He was not going to enquire.

Vedant was not going to play.

She was not going to continue.

Janhavi was not going to discuss.

She was not going to combine.

It was not going to jump.

The dog was not going to  run.

They were not going to provide.

They were not going to co-operate.

They were not going to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant were not going to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini were not going to teach.

********************

प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb with the Verb base (V1) in the Past Tense in Interrogative Sentences 

 Was/Were + subject + going to + v 1?

 Was/Were + not + subject + v 1?

Was I going to break?

Was I going to clean?

Was I going to compromise?

Wasn’t I going to not sing?

Was I going to not learn?

Were we going to pay?

Were we going to suggest?

Were we going to accept?

Weren’t we going to excuse?

Were we going to donate?

Were you going to build?

Were you going to make?

Were you going to maintain?

Weren’t you going to protect?

Weren’t you going to submit?

Was he going to continue?

Was he going to enquire?

Was Vedant going to play?

Wasn’t she going to continue?

Wasn’t Janhavi going to discuss?

Was she going to combine?

Was it going to jump?

Wasn’t the dog going to run?

Were they going to provide?

Weren’t they going to co-operate?

Were they going to appoint?

Were Janhavi and Vedant going to dance?

Weren’t Prashant and Ashwini going to teach?

===============================

    We at this blog spot are trying to provide innovative and easy to practice information based on familiar things so that we can further improve the basic knowledge of the English language that we are familiar with.

Also we must remember that English is not knowledge but it is a language, a medium to express knowledge.

आपण या ब्लॉग स्पॉटवर आपल्याला परिचित असणाऱ्या इंग्लिश भाषेच्या पायाभूत माहिती मध्ये आणखी सुधारणा करता यावी म्हणून परिचित गोष्टींवर आधारित नावीन्यपूर्ण व सरावास सुलभ अशी माहिती देण्याचा प्रयत्न करत आहोत.

तसेच आपण हेही लक्षात ठेवले पाहिजे की इंग्रजी म्हणजे ज्ञान नव्हे तर ती एक भाषा आहे, ज्ञान प्रकट करण्याचे एक माध्यम आहे.

 

 

 

How to Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb

by
going to in past tense

In this lesson we will learn how to use “going to” as a verb with the verb root (V1).

We are also going to use a suitable formula for that so that it will be easy to understand.

This construction is used to indicate whether an action will happen immediately and definitely in the future.

**********************************going to 

या सदरामध्ये आपण going to चा वापर  क्रियापद म्हणून  क्रियापदाच्या मुळ रुपासोबत ( V1) कसा करावा याविषयी इत्यंभूत माहिती घेणार आहोत.

त्यासाठी योग्य अशा सूत्राचा सुद्धा वापर करणार आहोत म्हणजे समजायला सोपे जाईल.

एखादी क्रिया भविष्यकाळात लगेचच आणि निश्चितपणे घडणारआहे किंवा नाही हे दर्शवण्यासाठी या रचनेचा वापर करतात.

*****************************************************

होकारार्थी वाक्य

How to Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb in Affirmative Sentences

Subject + am/is/are + going to + v1.

I am going to break.

I am going to clean.

I am going to compromise.

I am going to sing.

I am going to learn.

We are going to pay.

We are going to suggest.

We are going to accept.

We are going to excuse.

We are going to donate.

You are going to build.

You are going to make.

You are going to maintain.

You are going to protect.

You are going to submit.

He is going to continue.

He is going to enquire.

Vedant is going to play.

She is going to continue.

Janhavi is going to discuss.

She is going to combine.

It is going to jump.

The dog is going to run.

They are going to provide.

They are going to co-operate.

They are going to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant are going to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini are going to teach.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

नकारार्थी वाक्य  

How to Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb in Negative Sentences

Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + v1.

I am not going to break.

I am not going to clean.

I am not going to compromise.

I am not going to sing.

I am not going to learn.

We are not going to pay.

We are not going to suggest.

We are not going to accept.

We are not going to excuse.

We are not going to donate.

You are not going to build.

You are not going to make.

You are not going to maintain.

You are not going to protect.

You are not going to submit.

He is not going to continue.

He is not going to enquire.

Vedant is not going to play.

She is not going to continue.

Janhavi is not going to discuss.

She is not going to combine.

It is not going to jump.

The dog is not going to  run.

They are not going to provide.

They are not going to co-operate.

They are not going to appoint.

Janhavi and Vedant are not going to dance.

Prashant and Ashwini are not going to teach.

********************Simple Future Tense

प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

How to Use “going to” as Auxiliary Verb in Interrogative Sentences 

 Am/Is/Are + subject + going to + v 1?

 Am/Is/Are + not + subject + v 1?

Am I going to break?

Am I going to clean?

Am I going to compromise?

Am I going to not sing?

Am I going to not learn?

Are we going to pay?

Are we going to suggest?

Are we going to accept?

Aren’t we going to excuse?

Are we going to donate?

Are you going to build?

Are you going to make?

Are you going to maintain?

Aren’t you going to protect?

Aren’t you going to submit?

Is he going to continue?

Is he going to enquire?

Is Vedant going to play?

Isn’t she going to continue?

Isn’t Janhavi going to discuss?

Is she going to combine?

Is it going to jump?

Isn’t the dog going to run?

Are they going to provide?

Aren’t they going to co-operate?

Are they going to appoint?

Are Janhavi and Vedant going to dance?

Aren’t Prashant and Ashwini going to teach?

===============================

   We at this blog spot are trying to provide innovative and easy to practice information based on familiar things so that we can further improve the basic knowledge of the English language that we are familiar with.

Also we must remember that English is not knowledge but it is a language, a medium to express knowledge

आपण या ब्लॉग स्पॉटवर आपल्याला परिचित असणाऱ्या इंग्लिश भाषेच्या पायाभूत माहिती मध्ये आणखी सुधारणा करता यावी म्हणून परिचित गोष्टींवर आधारित नावीन्यपूर्ण व सरावास सुलभ अशी माहिती देण्याचा प्रयत्न करत आहोत.

तसेच आपण हेही लक्षात ठेवले पाहिजे की इंग्रजी म्हणजे ज्ञान नव्हे तर ती एक भाषा आहे, ज्ञान प्रकट करण्याचे एक माध्यम आहे.